International Economic Relations and Sustainable Tourism: The Case of Greece

Abstract

International economic relations are increasingly shaping the trajectory of global tourism, with profound implications for sustainability and environmental management. Economic partnerships, trade agreements, foreign investments, and technological innovations not only drive the development of tourism infrastructure but also influence sustainable practices through resource efficiency, environmental regulations, and cultural conservation. While these international dynamics can promote growth, they also pose risks of overtourism and environmental degradation if sustainability is not integrated into the core strategies of tourism development. The challenge lies in aligning economic growth with sustainable tourism practices, particularly in destinations heavily reliant on international tourism flows. This study examines the impact of international economic relations on sustainable tourism in Greece, with a specific focus on the Peloponnese region. By conducting in-depth interviews with policy-makers, the research explores how global economic interactions—such as trade policies, foreign direct investments, and tourism agreements—coupled with technological innovation, influence both the development and sustainability of the local tourism sector. Special attention is given to how cutting-edge technologies, such as digital platforms, data analytics, and smart tourism solutions, are leveraged to enhance environmental management and resource conservation. The study also addresses the opportunities and challenges faced by policy-makers in balancing economic development with environmental sustainability, providing key insights into the role of international cooperation and technology-driven solutions in promoting a sustainable future for tourism in Greece. The findings offer valuable policy recommendations for enhancing sustainable tourism practices in Greece and other regions navigating the complexities of global economic interdependence.