Realist Constructivism: The case of the Lebanese Amal Movement (1975-1991)

Abstract

This dissertation aims to analyze the case of the Amal Movement during the Lebanese civil war (1975-1991), in the context of Realist Constructivism. It will present the theoretical framework and the basic characteristics of Realist Constructivism as a concept (and not a paradigm). Also, a brief reference to the historical context regarding the Shia community in Lebanon at the time. Further, it will analyze how Amal formulated its dynamic intersubjective identity, from a Constructivist viewpoint, as a statelike actor. It will present how this identity has developed and been amended, adapting to the circumstances. It will elaborate on the international relations that Amal developed during the period with regional national states (Israel, Syria, Iran) as well as with the Palestinian Liberation Organization, highlighting the power politics that guided the Movement’s decisions, from a Realist aspect. Finally, within the context of Realist Constructivism, it will offer an assessment on whether Amal as a civil war militia achieved its objectives (or not) and refer to Amal’s path of decommissioning and becoming a legitimate political party.